ZLD Ready

Effluent Evaporators

KWS Effluent Evaporators are Multiple Effect Evaporator systems engineered for the concentration of industrial wastewater streams — particularly high-TDS, high-COD effluents from textile dyeing, chemical manufacturing, pharmaceutical production and CETPs. These units form the core evaporation stage in a Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) train, reducing effluent volume to a concentrated liquor that feeds a crystalliser or ATFD for final solids recovery. Each plant is designed after a detailed characterisation of the effluent's composition, fouling tendency and seasonal variability.

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Key Advantages

Built for fouling effluents

Forced circulation bodies prevent scaling and fouling from high-TDS, high-viscosity and crystallising wastewater streams.

Multi-effect energy savings

2 to 5 effect configurations reuse vapour to cut steam consumption by up to 80% versus single-effect operation.

CPCB-compliant design

Engineered to meet Central Pollution Control Board ZLD norms for all regulated effluent streams.

Process-study led

Feed characterisation and simulation before design ensure the plant handles worst-case composition and peak flow.

Technical Specifications

Capacity Range	50 KLD – 2,000 KLD
Construction MOC	SS 316L / Duplex
Operating Pressure	Vacuum
Steam Economy	2.5 – 4.5 kg/kg (multi-effect)
Configurations	2 – 5 effects · FF + FC combination
Standards	CPCB ZLD · IBR / ASME
Delivery Timeline	12 – 22 weeks

Applications

Textile & dyeing effluent
RO reject concentration
CETP pre-treatment
Chemical manufacturing effluent
Pharmaceutical wastewater

Frequently Asked Questions

What TDS levels can an effluent evaporator handle?

KWS effluent evaporators are designed for feeds from a few thousand mg/L up to near-saturation; the plant layout (falling film vs. forced circulation) is chosen to match the feed TDS and fouling tendency.

How does it integrate with the rest of a ZLD plant?

The effluent evaporator concentrates the feed to typically 20–30% TDS, feeding a crystalliser that recovers salt, then an ATFD or centrifuge for final solids handling.